![]() Escudero’s Second Language Linguistic Perception (L2LP) model also predicts that “acoustical differences and similarities between the phonemes of two languages will shape development” (van Leussen & Escudero, Reference van Leussen and Escudero2015, p. In a similar fashion, the Perceptual Assimilation Model as applied to L2 learning (PAM-L2) predicts that two “uncategorized” sounds will be discriminated “poorly to moderately well depending on the proximity of the two phones to the same or different sets of partially-similar native phonemes” (Best & Tyler, Reference Best, Tyler, Bohn and Munro2007, p. For example, the revised Speech Learning Model (SLM-r) hypothesizes that learners’ likelihood of forming a new L2 category depends on “the sound’s degree of perceived phonetic dissimilarity from the closest L1 sound” (Flege & Bohn, Reference Flege, Bohn and Wayland2021, p. Thus, for all current models of L2 or nonnative speech perception, predictions rely to some degree on the perceived similarity of L1 and L2 sounds rather than a comparison of abstract representations. However, researchers realized that merely looking at phonemic differences between languages was not sufficient to predict L2 learners’ difficulties. In the past, these predictions have been based on a contrastive analysis of the phonemes in the sound systems of the L1 and the L2 (Lado, Reference Lado1957). Knowing what second language (L2) sounds will be difficult for learners from a certain first language (L1) background has practical implications for teachers and theoretical implications for researchers.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |